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71Vermeer, Johannes — born Oct. 31, 1632, Delft, Neth. died Dec. 15, 1675, Delft Dutch painter. His parents were tavern keepers. He twice served as head of the Delft artists guild but seems to have depended on his activities as an art dealer to support his family. He… …
72Life Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Zoology In 2008 several zoological studies provided new insights into how species life history traits (such as the timing of reproduction or the length of life of adult individuals) are derived in part as responses to… …
73ancient Greek civilization — ▪ historical region, Eurasia Introduction the period following Mycenaean civilization, which ended in about 1200 BC, to the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 BC. It was a period of political, philosophical, artistic, and scientific… …
74biblical literature — Introduction four bodies of written works: the Old Testament writings according to the Hebrew canon; intertestamental works, including the Old Testament Apocrypha; the New Testament writings; and the New Testament Apocrypha. The Old… …
75Dickens, Charles — ▪ British novelist Introduction in full Charles John Huffam Dickens born Feb. 7, 1812, Portsmouth, Hampshire, Eng. died June 9, 1870, Gad s Hill, near Chatham, Kent English novelist, generally considered the greatest of the Victorian era. His …
76Greece, history of — ▪ Byzantine to modern Introduction history of the area from the Byzantine (Byzantine Empire) period, beginning about AD 300, to the present. For earlier periods, see Aegean civilizations; ancient Greek civilization; and Hellenistic Age.… …
77logic, history of — Introduction the history of the discipline from its origins among the ancient Greeks to the present time. Origins of logic in the West Precursors of ancient logic There was a medieval tradition according to which the Greek philosopher …
78painting, Western — ▪ art Introduction history of Western painting from its beginnings in prehistoric times to the present. Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of pigment (but see also drawing for discussion of depictions in …
79Poaceae — ▪ plant family Introduction formerly called Gramineae grass family of monocotyledonous flowering plants, a division of the order Poales. The Poaceae are the world s single most important source of food. They rank among the top five… …
80Southeast Asia, history of — Introduction history of the area from prehistoric times to the contemporary period. Early society and accomplishments Origins Knowledge of the early prehistory of Southeast Asia (Southeast Asia, history of) has undergone exceptionally …
