unobserved
61Fiscal Illusion — is a public choice theory of government expenditure first developed by the Italian economist Amilcare Puviani. Fiscal Illusion suggests that when government revenues are unobserved or not fully observed by taxpayers then the cost of government is …
62Sigma baryon — The Sigma baryons are a family of subatomic hadron particles which have a +2, +1 or 1 elementary charge or are neutral. They are baryons containing three quarks: two up and/or down quarks, and one third quark, which can be either a strange… …
63Heckman correction — The Heckman correction (the two stage method, Heckman s lambda or the Heckit method) is any of a number of related statistical methods developed by James Heckman in 1976 through 1979 which allow the researcher to correct for selection bias.… …
64Charles Wheatstone — Sir Charles Wheatstone [ˈwiːtstən] (* 6. Februar 1802 in Gloucester; † 19. Oktober 1875 in Paris) war ein britischer Physiker …
65Charles Wheatstone — Naissance 6 février 1802 Gloucester (Angleterre) Décès …
66comet — cometary /kom i ter ee/, cometic /keuh met ik/, cometical, adj. cometlike, adj. /kom it/, n. Astron. a celestial body moving about the sun, usually in a highly eccentric orbit, consisting of a central mass surrounded by an envelope of dust and… …
67induction, problem of — Problem of justifying the inductive inference from the observed to the unobserved. It was given its classic formulation by David Hume, who noted that such inferences typically rely on the assumption that the future will resemble the past, or on… …
68Maximum a posteriori estimation — In Bayesian statistics, a maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) estimate is a mode of the posterior distribution. The MAP can be used to obtain a point estimate of an unobserved quantity on the basis of empirical data. It is closely related to… …
69Errors-in-variables models — In statistics and econometrics, errors in variables models or measurement errors models are regression models that account for measurement errors in the independent variables. In contrast, standard regression models assume that those regressors… …
70Anaxagoras and the atomists — C.C.W.Taylor ANAXAGORAS In the course of the fifth century BC the political and cultural pre eminence of Athens attracted to the city a considerable number of intellectuals of various kinds from all over the Greek world. This phenomenon, the so… …
